Nepal and Nepalese People

Changu Narayan Temple

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In the cold season, in the early morning, only a few hilltops protrude from the mist-wrapped Kathmandu Valley. Near the Valley’s eastern rim the full burst of the rising sun catches one such hilltop and illuminated the sanctuary of Changu Narayan. Already the priest in the inner shrine is performing the rites of daily worship, and devotees from the surrounding village of Changu are bringing their offering of fruit and flowers to Narayan, the Lord of Men, the Creator, the Preserver. For more than half a million mornings Changu Narayan has received this same oblation from his faithful adherents.</div>
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The Benign, the Glorious, Changu Narayan is enshrined in the largest of the Kathmandu Valley’s pagoda temples. Last restored in the eighteenth century, this Newari-style jewel of temple architecture stands in a wide courtyard surrounded by pilgrim shelters and small shrines. The two-storey brick pagoda incorporates some fine woodwork, particularly in the roof struts, and the western doorway is sheathed in finely-worked repoussé copper and canopied by an extraordinary repoussé tympanum. However, this evidence of devotion of patron and artisan in recent centuries is overshadowed by masterpieces in stone, still in situ, sculpted by masters of earlier times.</div>
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The original shrine of Changu Narayan was built by king of the Lichhavi dynasty (c. 330-879 AD.), kings of a race of conquerors from the south. For them and their successors the concept of the Supreme God was much larger than the Valley, even cosmic in extent and was expressed by their sculptors’ portrayal of the majesty of divinity and the benevolence of the universe in stone. The size of their images, the ambition of their themes, and the grace and power of their execution place their work amongst Asia’s most magnificent artistic achievements.</div>
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The image of Changu Narayan in the inner shrine is of Vishnu (for Narayan is Vishnu himself) riding his mount Garuda, the old sun-god, bird with human face. A ninth-century replica in the courtyard portrays a divinely distant yet benevolent Vishnu, evoking a past as removed as Tutankhamen. A later portrayal from the Malla period shows the softening of the notion of god and a more intimate deity. Garuda by himself is celebrated outside the shrine, in a massive yet delicate portrait of devotion. His face, so it is said, is that of the great Lichhavi King Manadeva, the king who declared his triumphs on the inscribed pillar that stands close by and which was probably erected to hold the Garuda aloft, although a later earthquake brought him low.</div>
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The benign presence of Vishnu, the Savior, is incarnate in many forms, called avatars, to deliver both men and gods from the power of ignorance. In the courtyard are shrines to Krishna, sometime solace to women everywhere and moderator of Armageddon; to Narasingha, the man lion who tore to pieces a usurping demon; and also to Vishnu Vikranta, the Striding Vishnu, incarnated as a Brahmin dwarf to counter the threat of a tyrant demon. Granted the boon of possessions in three steps, the dwarf returned to his cosmic form and strode around the universe in two strides and with a third brought the demon to hell. This difficult theme is represented in the Changu courtyard in a powerful ninth-century relief, perhaps the most impressive of its type in the subcontinent.</div>
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At the start of an ancient Indian Armageddon, Arjuna the charioteer lost heart at the prospect of wreaking death and destruction upon his kith and kin. He sought comfort and strength from Lord Krishna, his driver and Vishnu’s avatar, who enheartened him with a vision of his ultimate, all-encompassing nature. This vision is known as Vishwarupa, the Cosmic Form. In Changu’s courtyard is a relief sculpture of this theme that shows late Lichhavi art at its most magnificent. The work is too small to be devotion and minute examination of the extra-ordinary detail of the netherworld inhabited by nage serpents, the middle world of elephants and a noble mankind, and the heavens, all of which are included in the vision of Vishnu’s nature. The god himself stands, ten headed, passive and benign, triumphant and transcendent, above and beyond his creation.</div>
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The power place of Changu Narayan will be claimed by the devotees of Vishnu. But, in a small temple close by, the highly significant Kileswor Mahadev resides in a lingam, the representation of Lord Shiva. Buddhists worship here, and call the deity Avalokiteswara. Tibetans come here pilgrimage and even tourists are permitted into the sacred surrounds. When the sun sets and leaves the golden roofs in darkness, Changu Narayan, the Lord of Men, has preserved the universe for all mankind for yet another day. </div>
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Source : <a href="http://www.nepaltrekkingpass.com/changunarayan.php" target="_blank">nepaltrekkingpass.com</a></div>

Changu Narayan Temple

In the cold season, in the early morning, only a few hilltops protrude from the mist-wrapped Kathmandu Valley. Near the Valley’s easter...

Mustang

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 Mustang 6:11 AM

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Mustang (from Tibetan Mun Tan (Wylie smon-thang) which means fertile plain) is the former Kingdom of Lo and now part of Nepal, in the north-central part of that country, bordering Tibet on the Central Asian plateau between the Nepalese provinces of Dolpo and Manang. The Kingdom of Lo, the traditional Mustang region, and "Upper Mustang" are one and the same, comprising the northern two-thirds of the present-day Nepalese Mustang District, and are well marked by official "Mustang" border signs just north of Kagbeni where a police post checks permits for non-Nepalese seeking to enter the region, and at Gyu La (pass) east of Kagbeni.</div>
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Life in Mustang revolves around tourism, animal husbandry and trade. Mustang is also known as "Tibet outside the Tibetan Border" for it survived the Chinese invasion of 1951 and hence fosters much original Tibetan culture, although it is now politically part of Nepal and, except for a nine km portion from Chhusang to Syangboche (just south of Ghiling (Geling)) as of August 2010, it is bisected by a new road linking it to Tibet to the north and to the rest of Nepal to the south. Plans call for the final nine km portion to be completed in just a few years' time, which will provide, with a high point of 4660 m at Kora La on the Mustang-Tibet border, the lowest drivable corridor through the Himalayas linking the Tibetan Plateau via Nepal to the tropical Indian plains. (The easiest and only widely used road corridor, from Kathmandu to Lhasa via the Arniko Rajmarg (or Arniko Highway, traverses a 5125 m pass.)</div>
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History</h3>
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Mustang was once an independent kingdom, although closely tied by language and culture to Tibet. From the 15th century to the 17th century, its strategic location granted Mustang control over the trade between the Himalayas and India. At the end of the 18th century the kingdom was annexed by Nepal.</div>
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Though still recognized by many Mustang residents, the monarchy officially ceased to exist on October 7, 2008, by order of the Government of Nepal. The last official and current unofficial king (raja or gyelpo) is Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista (born.1933), who traces his lineage directly back to Ame Pal, the warrior who founded this Buddhist kingdom in 1380. Ame Pal oversaw the founding and building of much of the Lo and Mustang capital of Lo Manthang, a walled city surprisingly little changed in appearance from that time period.</div>
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Climate</div>
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Mustang is largely dry and arid with annual precipitation in the range of 250–400 mm) due to its position in the rain shadow of the Annapurna massif and the Dhaulagiri Range towards the south.</div>
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Demographics</div>
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The population of Mustang District in 2001 was 14,981, spread between three towns and approximately thirty smaller settlements; the people are either Thakalis, Gurung or, in traditional Mustang, primarily Tibetan.</div>
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Most of the population of Mustang lives near the Kali Gandaki River, 2800–3900 m above sea level. The tough conditions cause a large winter migration into lower regions of Nepal. The administrative centre of Mustang District is at Jomsom (eight km south of Kagbeni) which has had an airport since 1962 and has become the main tourist entry point since Mustang was opened to western tourism in 1992.</div>
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Geography</h3>
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The main hydrographic feature of Mustang is the Kali Gandaki River. The river runs southward towards Nepal Terai, bisecting Mustang. Routes paralleling the river once served as a major trade route between Tibet and India, especially for salt. Part of the river valley in the southern Mustang District forms by some measures the deepest gorge in the world. Traditional Mustang (the Lo Kingdom) is 53 km north-south at its longest and 60 km east - west at its widest, and ranges from a low point of 2750 m above sea level on the Kali Gandaki River just north of Kagbeni to 6700 m (Khamjung Himal, a peak in southeast Mustang.) </div>
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Though still recognized by many Mustang residents, the monarchy officially ceased to exist on October 7, 2008, by order of the Government of Nepal. The last official and current unofficial king (raja or gyelpo) is Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista (born.1933), who traces his lineage directly back to Ame Pal, the warrior who founded this Buddhist kingdom in 1380. Ame Pal oversaw the founding and building of much of the Lo and Mustang capital of Lo Manthang, a walled city surprisingly little changed in appearance from that time period.</div>
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Source : <a href="http://mustang-trekking.com/mustang-information.php" target="_blank">mustang-trekking.com</a></div>

Mustang

Mustang (from Tibetan Mun Tan (Wylie smon-thang) which means fertile plain) is the former Kingdom of Lo and now part of Nepal, in the nor...

Intresting Facts About Pashupatinath Temple

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 pasupati 5:52 AM

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The Pashupatinath Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Pashupatinath who is more commonly known as Lord Shiva. Located in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, this temple has been listed as a World Heritage Site on UNESCO’s list. Let’s explores some interesting facts about Pashupatinath temple.</div>
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Pashupatinath Temple Kathmandu Nepal</div>
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1. Existing since 400 A.D.</div>
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A row of temples at Pashupatinath</div>
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A row of temples at Pashupatinath</div>
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Pashupatinath Temple is not only religiously important; it is also historically important as it’s existence dates back to 400 A.D.</div>
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2. The Legend related to its Origin</div>
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There is a famous legend related to the origin of Pashupatinath Temple. According to this legend, everyday a cow used to visit this specific spot and offer her milk to the ground. The owner of the cow saw her one day and got suspicious. So, he dug up the place and found the Jyotirlinga of Lord Shiva. Slowly more and more people gathered around the Shivalinga to worship and Lord Pashupatinath got popular while this place became a pilgrimage center.</div>
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3. The Structure</div>
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Pashupatinath Temple</div>
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Pashupatinath Temple is located on the Western Bank of river Bagmati. This temple is considered as a masterpiece of Hindu architecture. The main temple consists of a building with bunk roof and golden spire. It is cubic in shape and the four main doors are covered in silver sheets. Also the two storied roof had been constructed from pure copper covered with gold. The main attraction of this temple is the shining Shivalinga and the huge golden statue of Shiva’s Bull, Nandi.</div>
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Intresting Facts About Pashupatinath Temple</h3>
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4. The Lingam</div>
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Pashupatinath shivalinga</div>
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The Lingam at Pashupatinath temple is very unique. Its uniqueness is due to the fact that the Lingam is four– faced. The faces are such that they are towards the four direction. The face facing East is called Tatpurusha, the one facing West is called Sadhyojata, the one facing North is called Vamadeva and the one facing South is called Aghora. The uppermost portion of the Shivlinga is called Ishan.</div>
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5. Only Hindu can enter</div>
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pilgrims at aryaghat</div>
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The main temple of the Pashupatinath Temple can be accessed only by the Hindus. For people of all other religions all the other parts of the building are open except the main temple.</div>
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6. Paintings and Sculptures</div>
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Temple door</div>
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There are many uniquely artistic paintings and sculptures in different parts of the temple. At both sides of each door of the temple there are images of many Gods and Goddesses and Apsaras. Almost all these paintings are done in gold. Each and every beam which supports the roof of the temple are also sculpted with pictures depicting different types of sexual poses.</div>
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7. Arya Ghat</div>
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Arya Ghat at Pashupatinath temple is of special importance as this Ghat is the only place near the temple whose water is considered sacred enough to be brought into the temple. Also this Ghat is considered very auspicious and hence the member of Nepal’s Royal family are cremated here.</div>
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8. Nirvana seekers</div>
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Sadhus</div>
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It is said that Pashupatinath temple is so blessed that if you are cremated in its premises you will again take birth as a human regardless of the sins you have done in your lifetime. So, a number of elderly people visit this place to spend the last few weeks of their lives in the Pashupatinath temple premise.</div>
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Intresting Facts About Pashupatinath Temple</div>
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9. Open air Cremation</div>
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Bagamati cremation</div>
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Every Day on the bank of Bagmati River beside which Pashupatinath temple is situated, open air cremation takes place. The eldest son of the deceased shaves his head and completes the rites. Instead of appearing grisly, the cremation appears quite serene.</div>
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10. Unharmed during the 2015 Earthquake</div>
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2015 Earthquake in Nepal Pashupatinath Temple Area</div>
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2015 Earthquake in Nepal Pashupatinath Temple Area</div>
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On 25 April 2015, when an earthquake of 7.8 magnitude hit Nepal it started turning most of the nearby structures and some UNESCO’s world heritage sites into dust. But Pashupatinath Temple which has withstood the test of time once again stood tall facing the disaster. With just a few cracks on the wall, it appeared as a miracle structure amid all dust and rubble. While devotees claimed it as a sign of divine power; others are claiming that its strong base and architecture are the main factors which helped Pashupatinath temple to withstand the effects of the earthquake. </div>
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Source : <a href="https://www.google.com.np/amp/ohfact.com/interesting-facts-about-pashupatinath-temple/amp/" target="_blank">ohfact.com</a></div>

Intresting Facts About Pashupatinath Temple

The Pashupatinath Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Pashupatinath who is more commonly known as Lord Shiva. Located in the Kathmandu V...

Lichchhavi Kings of Nepal

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 bhaktapur 11:03 PM

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After the downfall of the Kiranti rule, Some dynasty came into power. Only five kings of this dynasty ruled over Nepal. Bhaskerverma was the last king. After that Lichchhavi rule began in Nepal. The Lichchhavis had come to Nepal from India.</div>
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Vaisalia was the Lichchhavis homeland. After it was destroyed by Ajatsatru, they flew away to Nepal. Supuspa was the first lichchhavis to enter Nepal and Jaydev I established Lichchhavi rule in Nepal in around 300 A.D. Jaya Dev I was the first king of this line. He has defeated Vasker Verma of of soma dynasty and established Lichchhavis dynasty.</div>
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Mandev</div>
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Mandev was a great Lichchhavi king. He ascended the throne after his father Dharmdev's death. He was very young when he bacame king. His mother Rajyawati helped him much in the administration. Mandev is called the first historacal king of Nepal. It is proved by the stone inscription in front of Changu Narayan temple.</div>
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Mandev was a very powerful, brave and good administrator. He crushed his rebellous loords. He extended his territory up to the Himalayas in the north, across the Kaligandaki in the west and the Koshi in the east. Nepal developed in trade and industry. He was a devotee of Vishnu but he respected Buddhism also. He made severals temple, vihars and chaityas. He built the temple of Changu Narayan in Bhaktapur.</div>
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Performed a yajna and gave gifts to the Brahmins. He established the idols of Trivikram, Vaman and Vishnu. Besides, he built taps, patis and pauwas. He built a palace called 'Mangrih'. He issued coins called 'Manank'. That was the first coin in Nepal.</div>
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He was a learned man. Art and literature developed during his rule. He loved his subjects and respected his mother.</div>
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Lichchhavi Kings of Nepal</h3>
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Anshuverma</div>
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After Mandev his son Shivdev I sat on the throne. He was a religious minded, learned and patient king. He entrusted the task of administration with Anshuverma.</div>
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Anshuverma was a high official in the court of Shivdev I. THe king was very pleased with him and made him Mahasamant. At last he was made king by Shivdev I.</div>
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Anshuverma was an able King. He was very clever. He always thought about the good of his people. He encouraged foreign trade. Many things from Nepal sere sent abroad. He brought reforms in weight and measurement. He made arrangements for irrigation. So agriculture and animal husbandry developed. The economic condition of the Subject improved. To protect the country he made forts.</div>
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He was a devotee of Vishnu, but he respected Buddhism. He built temples and vihars. He was a learned man and respected the learned. He made a seven-storeyed grand palace called Kailashkut Bhawan. He conducted administration from there. He loved the freedom of his country. King Srong Tsang Gampo of China and King Harshavardhan of India were very powerful. They wished to extend their teritories. Anshuverma gave his daughter Bhrikuti to Srong Tsang Gampo in marriage. So king Harshavardhan could not dare attack Nepal. Anshuverma introduced a samvat. There was peace in the country. Nepal progressed during his rule.</div>
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Some Famous Kings in the Duration of Lichchhavi Period:</div>
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A. Mana Dev: The first historical king of nepal. His change Narayan inscription dated 464 A.D. gives valuable information about Lichchhavis rule. He suppressed the feudal chiefs of the east and west and also conquered Mallapuri. he minted Manaka coin and constructed Managriha the new palace for him.</div>
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B. Ansuverma: He was not belonged to Lichchhavi dynasty, the was a famous king of the period. He suppressed the powerful Guptas (Courtiers) a malla Thakuri from western Nepal was apppointed as courtier in Shiva Dev 1st place. He introduces various reforms. He constructed Kailash Kut Bhawan.</div>
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C. Jaya Dev II : He was the last famous king of Lichhavi dynasty. His Pashupati inscription gives the genealogy of the of Lichchhavi dynasty. He did very well reformation in the part of social and political, different types of taxes, art and architecture, trade and commerce.</div>
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Mediaeval Period :</div>
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Raghavadevia who founded a ruling dynasty since 879 A.D. ; by which date the Lichchhavi dynasty come to an end and it is guessed that a new Thakuri dynasty was started by Raghadeva, according to Dr. Regimi this dynasty have ruled till 1044 A.D. by around 10 kings of this time. At about 11th century, Nepal was split into three states. The Khasiya Mallas dominated the western Nepal, the Dayas took control of the eastern Terai by nanya dev, and the Mallas come to power in Kathmandu valley. In due course of thime the Western Nepal was further divided into 46 Principalities:- 24 in Gandak region known as Chaubisi and Baise in Karnali region known as Baise. The eastern states were also divided into at least three principalities ruled by sena kings. The Kathmandu valley was split into three small kingdom - Kantipur, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur during the time of Yaksha Malla in 14th century.</div>
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Source : <a href="http://www.historynepal.com/2010/02/lichchhavi-kings.html" target="_blank">historynepal.com</a></div>

Lichchhavi Kings of Nepal

After the downfall of the Kiranti rule, Some dynasty came into power. Only five kings of this dynasty ruled over Nepal. Bhaskerverma was ...

Nepali Jana Andolan 2062/63 (Nepali Mass Movement 2062/63)

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 1 Other 10:56 PM

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The Panchayat System introduced by Late king Mahendra in 1960, collapsed in 1990. The leaders of the banned Nepali Congress, Communist and other political parties were opposing the system from the very beginning of its application. Therefore three amendments were made in the Panchayat Constitution to make it popular. But the oppositions were not satisfied with the principles and practices of the Panchayat System. So, the leaders of the various opposition parties were trying to restore te multi-party system, which was becoming very popural internationally.</div>
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The year 1990, proved as historical wastorical watershed for Nepal. In the beginning of 1989, the Trade and Transit Treaty with the Government of India lapsed, which caused severe hardship to the people and hindered export and import of the country. In the meantime, the communist parties were trying to unite and the Nepali Congress was seeking for the national conference of the party. Finally, seven communist parties united which is called United Left Front (ULF) and the Nepali Congress called for the national conference on 5-7 January 1990 in Kathmandu. A conference was held attended by a large number of national and Indians as well as some foreign delegates, which confessed a spark of the mass movement. At the same time, the Nepali Congress and the United Left Front decided to dismount against the Partyless Panchayat System and they fixed the date of the movement on. 18th February 1990. Ont he other hand, the Panchayat Government tried its best to obstruct national conference but it could not succeed.</div>
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The speeches of Indian delegates and the Nepalese leaders excited the people for movement. The Panchas criticized the speeches of the conference and the government under the premiership of Marich Man Singh, launced processions and meetings in favour of the Panchayat System as well as governcent began arresting party workers and leaders. Clashes between the Panchas and the multipartists took place and the cases of violence began to spread all over the valley.</div>
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The movement was launched on scheduled date, i.e, on 18th February 1990 (7th Falgun 2046 B.S.). The Demonstrations were held in various parts of the country. The police force came down heavily against the demonstrators. Some people were shot dead in Bhaktapur, Palpa and Chitwan and many of them were injured. Then the session of violence started to spread in some other towns. The people of Patan (Lalitpur) and Kirtipur seized the towns from government's control and protested against the Panchayat regime. The government failed to suppress the movement. At the same time. His Majesty King Birendra dismissed Marich Man Singh's Government and an interim government was formed under the premiership of Mr. Lokendra Bahadur Chand. Nevertheless, the movement applied curfew in the town. Considering the failure of two days's curfew and loss of lives His Majesty the King BIrendra lifted the ban of the political pariies, granted freedom to the press and formed a COnstitution Reforns Commission in April 1990</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Nepali Jana Andolan 2062/63 (Nepali Mass Movement 2062/63)</span></h3>
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On 8th April 1990, His Majesty Birendra invited the leaders of movement such as Mr Ganesh Man Singh, Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Girija Prasad Koirala, Mana Mohan Adhikari, Mrs Sahana Pradhan , etc. to the palace and promised to fulfill their demands for restoring the multiparty system in Nepal. An interim gov ernment under the premiership of Mr Krishna Prasad Bhattarai was formed. The government sonsisted of eleven members, four from the Nepali Congress, three from the ULF, two from independents and two Royal nominees. Themain responsibilities of the interim government were to frame a democratic constitution and to hold general election within a year. Thus the Panchayat System of about three decades came to an end multiparty system was restored in Nepal.</div>
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We know that the constitution fo Nepal 2047 was democratic but it did not represent the sentiments of Madhesi, Mahila, Dalit, Janjai, Marginalized people and disadvantaged groups. It was drafted by a few people. They were representatives of Congress, CPNUML, Royal Palace and independent. The constitution declared Nepal as a Hindu kingdom including constitutional monarchy. There was less people's participation. After few years, Maoists started armed styruggle. Its main motto was to liberate the people from economic, social political and gender based disparities and discriminations. After the brutal assassination of king Birendra and his family, (Jestha 19th 2058) King Gyanedra dismissed the cabinet of Sher Bahadur Deuba and took all executive powers of country in his hand. After that all political parties were against palace and monarchy. Seven Party lliance strongly suported Maiosts' Twelve points Agreements between SPA and Maoist in Delhi for building the ground for the foundation of Mass Movement-II on Mansir 7th, 2062. There was Mass Revolution II. After that king Gyanendra was compelled to reinstate the dissolved house of representatives. The leaders of the movement wanted a new Constituent Assembly and total transfer of power to people. G.P. Koirala became the prime minister on the unanimity of eight parties. On Jestha 4th, 2063, 25 points peace code of conduct between the Government and Maoist was signed. On Mansir 5th 2063 Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed between Prime Minister G.P. Koirala and Chairman Prachand. An interim Government was formed including the third amendment resolving to make Nepal a Federal Democratic Republic important lessons. The days of unbridled monarchy are over. Secondly even those who believe in armed revolution have to come to negotiating table and join in the constitutional process in which they alone could not be representatives of Nepali people.</div>
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Source : <a href="http://www.historynepal.com/2010/06/nepali-jana-andolan-206263-nepali-mass.html" target="_blank">historynepal.com</a></div>

Nepali Jana Andolan 2062/63 (Nepali Mass Movement 2062/63)

The Panchayat System introduced by Late king Mahendra in 1960, collapsed in 1990. The leaders of the banned Nepali Congress, Communist an...

Rise of the Rana Regime

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 importance 10:49 PM

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1. Instable Politics of Nepal</div>
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After the demise of Prithvi Narayan Shah, his son Pratap Singh ascended the throne. But he expired only after two years nine months in his office. After him his son, Rana Bahadur Shah, at the age of three ascended the throne. Then after, political instability started in Nepal.</div>
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2. Series of murder</div>
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After the murder of Mathbar Singh Thapa, Chautaria Fatte Jung became the Prime Minister of Nepal. However, Gagan Singh was the powerful person in the court because he was the favourite person of the Queen Rajjya Laxmi. On the night of 31st Bhadra, 1903 B.S. Gagan Singh was mysteriously murdred. On the same nioght there was an assembly to find out the murder. That turned out into the court massacre popularly known as Kot Parva.</div>
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3. Three massacre (Parvas)</div>
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Kot Parva(Court massacre) was the first through which Janga Bahadur became th ePrime Minister and the chief of Nepalese army. On 17th Kartik 1903 Bhandar Khal Parva was occurred through which Junga Bahadur Rana exiled the king and the queen to Banaras. The third was Alau Parva through which Junga Bahadur Rana charged the king of treason and kept him undr house arrest and his son Surendra was formally declared the king. Then Janga Bahadur became the powerful Prime Minister of Nepal.</div>
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4. Marital relations with the royal family:</div>
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Janga Bahadur married the sister of Fatte Jung. He got Surendra married to the daughter of his brother, Krishna Bahadur. The two sons of Janga Bahadur Jagat jung and Jeet Jung were married to the daughter of King Surendra. Later his two daughters were married to the crown prince Trailokya. This relationship of marriage not only enhanced his glory but also made him a powerful Prime Minister.</div>
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5. Royal Seal of 24th Srawan 1913</div>
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After king Surendra awarded the title of Shree 3 Maharaja of Kaski and Lamjung to Junga Bahadur Rana, he became the most powerful person, resulting the strong foundation of the Rana regime. He started the autocratic rule in the name o giving stability in Nepal which was very weak due to the numerous bloodsheds.</div>
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Causes of the Fall of Rana regime</h3>
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1. Family feud</div>
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In the life time of Janga Bahadur Rana, attempts were made to oust him from the power. But all suh attempts were in vain. After his death in 1938, the sons of his brothers terminated his sons and made a new order of succession that ultimately made the sons of Dhir Shamsher the most powerful ones.</div>
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2. Exclusion of "C" class Ranas</div>
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Chandra Shamsher initiated the division of class within the Rana family on the basis of marriage. This action planted the sense of dissatisfaction and animosity among the Ranas family members. Juddha Shamsher not only abolished 'C' class Ranas from the succession but also banished them from the country. This made the 'C class Ranas opponent of the Rana regime.</div>
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3. Anti Rana movement</div>
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The anti Rana movement was germinated right from the time of Janga Bahadur Rana. After the end of First World War, the anti-Rana voices were raised but Chandra Shamsher suppressed the movement. The voices against Rana regime were surfaced in the form of Makai Parva, Arya smaj, etc. After 1987 B.S. Charkha Prachar, Prachanda Gorkha, Mahabir School, library episode, Praja Parisad, Jayatu sanskritum were some examples of anti-Rana movements.</div>
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4. Abandonment of throme by King Tribhuvan</div>
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In 2007 B.S, king Tribhuvan abandoned the royal palace and took asylum to Indian Embasy. This brought the anti-Rana movement to the climax. On 7th Falgun 2007 B.S, Nepal was declared a democratic country and the Rana regime came to end.</div>
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Janga Bahadur married the sister of Fatte Jung. He got Surendra married to the daughter of his brother, Krishna Bahadur. The two sons of Janga Bahadur Jagat jung and Jeet Jung were married to the daughter of King Surendra. Later his two daughters were married to the crown prince Trailokya. This relationship of marriage not only enhanced his glory but also made him a powerful Prime Minister.</div>
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In the life time of Janga Bahadur Rana, attempts were made to oust him from the power. But all suh attempts were in vain. After his death in 1938, the sons of his brothers terminated his sons and made a new order of succession that ultimately made the sons of Dhir Shamsher the most powerful ones.</div>
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Source : <a href="http://www.historynepal.com/2010/02/rise-of-rana-regime.html" target="_blank">historynepal.com</a></div>

Rise of the Rana Regime

1. Instable Politics of Nepal After the demise of Prithvi Narayan Shah, his son Pratap Singh ascended the throne. But he expired on...

Information About King Birendra

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 nepal 10:03 PM

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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev ruled Nepal for 30 years from January 30, 1971 to June 1, 2001. His son Crown Prince Dipendra was named King on June 2, 2001, after the unfaithful Royal family massacre of June 1, 2001 that took the lives of the King, Queen, Prince, Princess and five other Royal family members. But King Dipendra soon died in hospital on June 4, 2001. The younger brother of late King Birendra, His Majesty King Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev was accessioned to throne on June 4, 2001 and currently rules the country. He is the twelfth King in the Shah dynasty.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">During a regular gathering at Narayanhity Royal Palace on the Friday night of June 1, 2001, the gathered Royal family members were shot dead and some were injured within a few minutes of time by Crown Prince Dipendra, who was heavily under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Crown Prince Dipendra also shot himself in an attempt of suicide over an argument he had with his parents about the woman he wanted to marry. Crown Prince Dipendra was admitted to hospital in a coma and critically wounded condition, but still was named the King. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The King in Nepal is seen as a Living God, the reincarnation of Lord Vishnu. Late King Birendra was very popular and deeply loved by the people of Nepal who were greatly shocked and saddened by the news and it took quite a long time for the countrymen to come out from their self mourning.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The King, Queen and other members of the Royal family were carried to Pashupati Aryaghat, next to the Holy Bagmati River, for their last rites. Desperate to know the truth, people blocked traffic in protest and riots began in the streets of Kathmandu and even curfew had to be imposed to disperse the restless crowd which just could not believe what had happened inside the highly guarded Royal Palace.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">People shaved their heads as a sign of respect for their beloved King as they would have done in the demise of their family members as per Hinduism and a 5 day closure of government offices and 13 days of official mourning was announced. Just after 48 hours of the title “King”, King Dipendra died in the hospital and the younger brother of late King Birendra, Prince Gyanendra became the new King of Nepal - three Kings in 4 days.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">The murder of Royals inside Narayanhity Royal Palace is said to be the second worst mass killing of royalty in the world after the Romanovs, who were killed back in 1918 during the Russian civil war.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">During a regular gathering at Narayanhity Royal Palace on the Friday night of June 1, 2001, the gathered Royal family members were shot dead and some were injured within a few minutes of time by Crown Prince Dipendra, who was heavily under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Crown Prince Dipendra also shot himself in an attempt of suicide over an argument he had with his parents about the woman he wanted to marry. Crown Prince Dipendra was admitted to hospital in a coma and critically wounded condition, but still was named the King.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev ruled Nepal for 30 years from January 30, 1971 to June 1, 2001. His son Crown Prince Dipendra was named King on June 2, 2001, after the unfaithful Royal family massacre of June 1, 2001 that took the lives of the King, Queen, Prince, Princess and five other Royal family members. But King Dipendra soon died in hospital on June 4, 2001. The younger brother of late King Birendra, His Majesty King Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev was accessioned to throne on June 4, 2001 and currently rules the country. He is the twelfth King in the Shah dynasty.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">People shaved their heads as a sign of respect for their beloved King as they would have done in the demise of their family members as per Hinduism and a 5 day closure of government offices and 13 days of official mourning was announced. Just after 48 hours of the title “King”, King Dipendra died in the hospital and the younger brother of late King Birendra, Prince Gyanendra became the new King of Nepal - three Kings in 4 days.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Source : <a href="http://www.visitnepal.com/nepal_information/history.php" target="_blank">visitnepal.com</a></span></div>

Information About King Birendra

Late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev ruled Nepal for 30 years from January 30, 1971 to June 1, 2001. His son Crown Prince Dipendra was ...

General Historical Information on Nepal

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 nepal 9:55 PM

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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nepal has a long glorious history. Its civilization can be traced back to thousands of years before the birth of Christ. History reveals dynasties of Ahirs and Gopalas, Kirants, Licchavis and Thakuris ruling the country before the Malla period began. Modern Nepal is an amalgamation of a number of principalities which had independent entities in the past. Before the campaign of national integration launched by King Prithivi Narayan Shah – the first Shah King of Nepal, Kathmandu valley was ruled by the Malla Kings, whose contribution to arts and culture are indeed great and the Malla era is considered to be the golden age of Nepal. In 1768 A.D., the Shah King defeated the Malla Kings and unified the country that was divided into small independent Kingdoms.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"> The revolution of November 1950 brought an end to autocratic Rana regime that ruled the country for 104 years since 1846 A.D. The Ranas seized all the power from the Shahs but revered the existence of King in Nepal. After the fall of Ranas in February 1951, Nepal first saw a dawn of democracy. The parliamentary government under the multi-party system was adopted for some years which was later followed by Panchayat System in 1960. The popular people’s movement of 1990 reinstated the multi party democratic system and the new democratic constitution of the Kingdom was promulgated on November 9, 1990. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev became the king of Nepal on June 4, 2001, following the death of his elder brother late King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">This was not the first time for Gyanendra to have been crowned as the King of Nepal. He was declared king during a political plot on November 7, 1950 when both his father King Mahendra and his grandfather King Tribhuvan along with other royals fled to India. In January 1951, his grandfather King Tribhuvan returned to Nepal and resumed the throne.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">After ascending the throne, Gyanendra dismissed the parliament in October 2002 and declared a state of emergency in the country. He also dismissed a series of prime ministers and by February 2005, took complete control.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">In April 2006, King Gyanendra was forced to give up his absolute rule following wide spread protests. He was stripped from all his political and cultural rights.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">On May 28, 2008, Nepal was declared a federal democratic republic by the newly elected Constituent Assembly. The Nepali government then sent a letter to King Gyanendra to vacate the Narayanhiti palace within the 15-day deadline given by the Constituent Assembly. With the new Constituent Assembly in effect, Gyanendra and his family now assume their roles as general citizens of Nepal, with Gyanendra being the last in the line of the Shah Dynasty.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">General Historical Information on Nepal</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">May 29 and 30, 2008 was declared as national holidays in the new republic. People throughout the country welcomed the dawn of republic with great jubilation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The government has decided to convert the Naranyanhiti palace into a museum. A government appointed panel has also been formed to prepare details of artifacts and other precious belongings of the palace to be displayed in the museum. Meanwhile, the Nepal's national flag in front of the palace has replaced the royal flag.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Gyanendra was born on July 7, 1947. He is the second son of late King Mahendra and his wife Indira. On May 1, 1970, Gyanendra married Komal Rajya Laxmi Shah. They have two children; Paras Bir Bikram Shah Dev and daughter Prerana Rajya Laxmi Devi Shah.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nepal is one of the founding members of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) which was formed in December 1985. The SAARC Secretariat was set up in Kathmandu in January 1987 and later in the same year in November, third SAARC summit was held in Kathmandu.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The revolution of November 1950 brought an end to autocratic Rana regime that ruled the country for 104 years since 1846 A.D. The Ranas seized all the power from the Shahs but revered the existence of King in Nepal. After the fall of Ranas in February 1951, Nepal first saw a dawn of democracy. The parliamentary government under the multi-party system was adopted for some years which was later followed by Panchayat System in 1960. The popular people’s movement of 1990 reinstated the multi party democratic system and the new democratic constitution of the Kingdom was promulgated on November 9, 1990. </span></div>
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Source : <a href="http://www.visitnepal.com/nepal_information/history.php" target="_blank">visitnepal.com</a></div>
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General Historical Information on Nepal

Nepal has a long glorious history. Its civilization can be traced back to thousands of years before the birth of Christ. History reveal...

Nepalese economy: After the earthquake and blockade

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 Other 8:16 PM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcMpYn8TtsuT5cxpcSalvNcjz0nyttK3hAIMxaH7SLmD6UVFQ6sXvgtfyol44TfWrmEVOUITSvI693wk-S72FbuJOolJkhxDGZRD7kyNsTNRlbE4ickMUpNdD9YUGNKowjuu_iDhChPf2/s1600/images-4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcMpYn8TtsuT5cxpcSalvNcjz0nyttK3hAIMxaH7SLmD6UVFQ6sXvgtfyol44TfWrmEVOUITSvI693wk-S72FbuJOolJkhxDGZRD7kyNsTNRlbE4ickMUpNdD9YUGNKowjuu_iDhChPf2/s1600/images-4.jpg" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Subsequent to the so called “People’s War”, Nepal entered its post-conflict period.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">This period is noted for its marked political changes featured by the intolerably prolonged period taken for drafting a new constitution and the November 13th elections ushering the country into a lazy pattern of secular federal democratic republic.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The State continues with its struggle in institutionalizing the drastic changes, a task that is not as easy as made out to be, already imposing a heavy toll on the lives of the Nepalese citizenry.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Two months after a devastating 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Nepal on 25th April, a Post Disaster Need Assessment (PDNA) Report stated that the earthquake lowered GDP growth by over 1.5 per cent from an estimated 4.6 per cent in a no earthquake scenario in FY 2015-16.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The Report also shows that the income distress from the earthquake was likely to push an additional 700,000-900,000 people below the poverty line.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Again after a short while an indefinite strike was launched in the border area derailing the already weakened economy. The overall trade has shrunk by Rs127.83 billion in the first five months (mid-July to mid-December) of the current fiscal year due to the border blockade.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Import has dropped by 36 per cent and export by 30.7 per cent as compared to the corresponding period of the last fiscal year.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Import and export from the major trading partner India decelerated profoundly and imports stood at Rs119.15 billion. The country’s import-based revenue was affected excessively.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Nepalese economy: After the earthquake and blockade</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Economic prospects for the country seemed to be getting bleaker, as the World Bank revised the growth for fiscal year 2015-16 down to 1.7 per cent, versus an estimate of 3.7 per cent prior to the trade disruption. The IMF’s latest forecast is 2 per cent and the Asian Development Bank’s projection is 1.5 per cent.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">But according to the Central Bank economic growth could be contracted to -0.99 per cent in the current fiscal year. The contribution of agriculture sector to GDP will be 31 per cent according to an IMF report. The country’s treasury surplus recently surpassed Rs 200 billion according to financial management policy analysis division, Ministry of Finance.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">From the above figures, it is obvious that the country’s economy is in a highly vulnerable situation and, therefore, the country first of all should go for immediate relief of the people. Hand in hand it should go steadily for rectifying the chaotic economy of the country.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Rationally, instead of going for long term development, short term immediate relief should be provided to the people for their sustainability and existence at this point of time.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The National Reconstruction Authority (NRA), the apex body formed to lead post-earthquake reconstruction and rehabilitation works, has used only 9.34 per cent of the budget in the first nine months of the current fiscal year which signifies massive under-utilization of funds.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Under these circumstances post-quake reconstruction and rehabilitation works should take place at the earliest on a war footing. If the construction gets delayed the cost will also go up and have a multiplier effect upon the people with the monsoon already here. The delay is a matter of concern despite the availability of resources.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The Government has declared low interest loans for the destitute whose houses have been completely or fractionally damaged. But for this purpose the Government should act with a boot strap operation immediately, either to provide funds before the onslaught of the monsoon.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">People are already building their houses due to the rainy season in some of the areas. There is advantage also if the money is poured in the construction and the unspent capital expenditure is mobilized as it will generate income activities of the people and at the same time expedite economic growth.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Nepalese economy: After the earthquake and blockade</span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Destruction has set the economy back by a decade in addition to shattering the effort to move from a “Least developed Country” to a Developing Country” by 2022. Highways and roads have suffered major structural damage; similarly several hydro-power infrastructures have been impacted.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Currently, NEA is supplying 564 MW including 210 MW imported from India. As a result of this, manufacturing sector is severely affected with rising fuel costs to meet energy requirement.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">For this purpose, the damage to both hydro-power and roads has to be revamped as soon as possible.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nepal should go all out in tapping economic benefits that can accrue from the northern and southern economic giants with trade diversification in the larger interest of the country.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">It is obvious that it is in the country’s immediate interest to unbundle the monopoly of the state owned Nepal Oil Corporation and prepare the ground work for the entry of other competent fuel/gas suppliers in the Nepalese market.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">It is totally baffling why people continue to experience shortages even months after restoration of full supply across the border. It simply points out to one thing and that is the prevalence of a deep seated black marketing nexus.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">It is obvious that there is a severe dearth of empathy and pain sharing on the part of political stakeholders and decision makers and unless this is genuinely reversed, political rhetoric will always remain the primary consumptive fodder for the wanting Nepalese to feed on: indeed a sorry state of affairs.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="http://thehimalayantimes.com/opinion/nepalese-economy-earthquake-blockade/" target="_blank">thehimalayantimes.com</a></span></div>
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Nepalese economy: After the earthquake and blockade

Subsequent to the so called “People’s War”, Nepal entered its post-conflict period. This period is noted for its marked political cha...

A Short Introduction to Air Transport of Nepal

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 Other 6:26 PM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHcuiZ0VvFabp8RCGqVp1odpLitsAQL_xyQcU6pL2Ws3VipdD5zwj9-Q8L7W1Yuy_kd0O51gJrXXd6Oeyv5eRS-Jzf0P6lrGpJwNlk6EMMMGQbehsrH7eYfL7QO99skf-sz7aqfKa7kABv/s1600/images-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHcuiZ0VvFabp8RCGqVp1odpLitsAQL_xyQcU6pL2Ws3VipdD5zwj9-Q8L7W1Yuy_kd0O51gJrXXd6Oeyv5eRS-Jzf0P6lrGpJwNlk6EMMMGQbehsrH7eYfL7QO99skf-sz7aqfKa7kABv/s1600/images-3.jpg" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The air transport service in Nepal began with the establishment of Tribhuwan International Airport (TIA) in 1949, just two years before advent of democracy in the country. Since then more than 40 airports have been founded all over Nepal, though TIA is still the sole international airport here. As major portion of the road network of this recently declared federal republic is still in the primitive and insufficient state, air strips provide a comparatively safer and reliable, although bit expensive, mode of transportation. Those who can spend a little prefer short, cozy and secure journey to the whole-day long bumpy ride on poorly-maintained highways. The gateways to the chief tourist attractions in Nepal like Lukla, Johmsom , Dolpa, Pokhara had airdromes before they were linked into the road network. The remote tourist district of Solu Khumbu alone, which seats the Mount Everest, consists of 4 airports!</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">A Short Introduction to Air Transport of Nepal</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nepal Airlines, formerly Royal Nepal Airlines, is the flag carrier of Nepal operating both national and international flights to Delhi, Quala Lampur, Dubai, Bangkok, Doha and Hong Kong. There are about 18 private companies which are granted the license to operate air services by the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal. Due to the extensive air network and additional aircrafts from private companies, flights are operated in almost regular basis to the major parts of the country. These airlines also provide additional services like mountain flights and charters (both helicopter and airplane). The popular and preferred private airline services of the country are – Buddha Air, Yeti Airways, Simrik Air, Tara airlines etc. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Getting to Nepal from Europe, Australia and America requires two different flights since there is no direct air connection to these places from Nepal. Some of the popular international airlines in Nepal are: Air Arabia, Air Asia, Air China, Bahrain Air, Biman Bangladesh, China Southern Airlines, Druk Air, Etihad, Qatar Airways etc. The places in Asia to where the regular flights from Nepal are carried out are Bangkok, Seoul, Singapore, Hongkong, Kwala Lampur, Doha , Karachi, Dhaka, Guanghzhao (China), Paro (Bhutan) , New Delhi and few other cities. If you are flying from America or Canada, you may choose to travel either westward or eastward over the globe. From Europe, you need to make first stop at one of the Gulf airports from where regular flights to Kathmandu are operated. In case of Australia or New Zealand, the four options are Bangkok, Seoul, Singapore or Hong Kong.</span></div>
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<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">TIA is not yet well-equipped and sophisticated like the big names in the international airports. However, basic airport facilities are available with additional services like money exchange, tourist information center, instant photo booth and also a communication stall from where you can buy SIM cards easily. Most domestic airports of Nepal are below standards, the aviation sector in Nepal has a long way to go and we can expect at least some decades to pass before a properly managed and well-facilitated airways service comes into effect in Nepal. Nevertheless, journey on air is still the first option for tourists as well as local passengers prioritizing time, safety ,comfort and aerial views of the Himalaya </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Getting to Nepal from Europe, Australia and America requires two different flights since there is no direct air connection to these places from Nepal. Some of the popular international airlines in Nepal are: Air Arabia, Air Asia, Air China, Bahrain Air, Biman Bangladesh, China Southern Airlines, Druk Air, Etihad, Qatar Airways etc. The places in Asia to where the regular flights from Nepal are carried out are Bangkok, Seoul, Singapore, Hongkong, Kwala Lampur, Doha , Karachi, Dhaka, Guanghzhao (China), Paro (Bhutan) , New Delhi and few other cities. If you are flying from America or Canada, you may choose to travel either westward or eastward over the globe. From Europe, you need to make first stop at one of the Gulf airports from where regular flights to Kathmandu are operated. In case of Australia or New Zealand, the four options are Bangkok, Seoul, Singapore or Hong Kong.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Nepal Airlines, formerly Royal Nepal Airlines, is the flag carrier of Nepal operating both national and international flights to Delhi, Quala Lampur, Dubai, Bangkok, Doha and Hong Kong. There are about 18 private companies which are granted the license to operate air services by the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="http://blog.visitnepal.com/a-short-introduction-to-air-transport-of-nepal/#.WFiQfNXBXqA" target="_blank">visitnepal.com</a></span></div>
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A Short Introduction to Air Transport of Nepal

The air transport service in Nepal began with the establishment of Tribhuwan International Airport (TIA) in 1949, just two years before a...

Muktinath – Where Hinduism Meets Buddhism at a Picturesque Himalayan Landscape

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 nepal 5:58 PM

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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Buddhist temple in MuktinathWith snow-clad mountain on the background, the beautifully adorned 3-tiered temple of pagoda style may give impression of a complete Hindu shrine. But, the Buddhist prayer flags fluttering with one side attached to strings that embroider the shrine will make you reconsider your last opinion. Yes, this is Muktinath- the pilgrimage for the Hindus as well as a sacred place of the Buddhists. The holy abode situated at the base of Thorang-la Pass, one of the favorite places of High altitude trekkers, represents a perfect paradigm of centuries-old understanding between the two religions. The main temple houses the statue of lord Vishnu which is also revered as Aalokitesvara – the deity of compassion by the Buddhists. Apart from the main temple there is a remarkable coexistence of other Hindu temples (Shiva, Vishnu, Ganesha) and many prayer wheels and chortens (stupas) in a common religious platform.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The history of Muktinath dates back to around 15th year from the start of 19th century when a queen of Nepal initiated the construction of the temple. Muktikshetra, the site of Muktinath, is considered by Hindus to be the place of salvation as is its literal meaning in Sanaskrit. According to a legend, the Hindu god of creation Brahma made an offering by lighting fire on water. Surprisingly, the phenomenon attesting this Hindu legend –flame of natural gas that is believed to be burning from the eternity can be witnessed inside a Buddhist monastery, namely Meber Lakhag Gompa. There are nunneries to the left of the temple. There is also a Shiva temple surrounded by Vishnu, Ram and Ganesh temples which is the only all-Hindu shrine of the site. The monastery at the entry of the complex is Sangdo Gompa which was once a residence of monks and who, as told by the villagers, performed Lama Dance during Lhosar. The complex apart from seating the religiously important temples and stupas is known for being the site of spiritual practice by Hindu as well as Buddhist yogis in the past. Guru Rinpoche or Padmasabhava who is credited for bringing Buddhism to Tibet had meditated here on his way to Tibet whose footprints are still preserved in the site. Similarly, an 18th century Indian yogi Swaminarayan had undergone a severe penance whose monument rests at one of the spots.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Muktinath – Where Hinduism Meets Buddhism at a Picturesque Himalayan Landscape</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The yard of Muktikshetra consists of 108 water spouts, each with the shape of a boar-head, from where ice-cold water emanate. These are believed of delivering salvation if shower is taken from each. The devotees baring themselves in such a cold air and running quickly bathing from one faucet to the other with the chilling water is fun to observe. The Tibetan identify Muktinath as Chuming Gyatsa who probably coined the title after those water spouts (Chuming Gyatsa = 100 waters in Tibetan). A large number of religious visitors throng at Muktinath during the Poornima (full moon) of August-September, which is an auspicious day for the Hindus. For those interested in tribal festivals with horse-race, the propitious time to visit is during Yartung festival which is marked by open gambling (still illegal in Nepal ), horse-race , joviality, alcohol and much more. For the rest, any time between April-May or October-November is the best. The recently constructed handsome gate, shops run by the nuns, poplar trees at the altitude of more than a dozen of thousand feet, a peculiar Chorten with strange sounds said to heal ear diseases are also the attractions of Muktinath worth mentioning.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The accessibility to Muktinath has become much better with the construction of road, though many trekkers consider that the excavation has rather hampered the long-preserved and exotic significance of that route. However, you have plenty of options to reach Muktinath – either by trekking, flight to Johmsom and a short trek or directly via jeep ride. Whatever mode you opt, you can make your Nepal stay memorable simply by paying a visit to the Muktinath – a pilgrimage located at the spectacular Himalayan setting, a focal point of the Annapurna trek, an ideal conflation of Buddhism and Hinduism and much more.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="http://blog.visitnepal.com/muktinath-of-nepal/#.WFiPDNXBXqA" target="_blank">visitnepal.com</a></span></div>

Muktinath – Where Hinduism Meets Buddhism at a Picturesque Himalayan Landscape

Buddhist temple in MuktinathWith snow-clad mountain on the background, the beautifully adorned 3-tiered temple of pagoda style may give i...

Buddhist Festivals in Nepal

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 1 importance 5:52 PM

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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The culture of Nepal is synonymous with its festivals. Myriads of festivals pertaining to different ethnic groups and religions are celebrated throughout the year. Nepal government, in the recent times, has declared national holidays for the chief festivals of major and minor tribal groups of the country, which once was the privilege of those who celebrated Dashain, Tihar and other petty ‘exclusively’ Hindu observations.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Buddhism is adhered by around 11% of the country’s population, especially by the highlanders (Sherpa, Bhotia), Tamangs , Gurungs and Buddhist Newars. These 4 different ethnic groups have their own specific festivals, dissimilar to other groups. The festivals observed by Sherpa and Bhotiya are almost , if not totally, similar to that of Tibetan while Newars, Gurungs and Tamangs have their own unique ways – some derived from the Hindu tradition and some passed down from generations.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Lhosar: </span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lhosar (New year in Tibetan) is the major religious day for Tibetan peoples, including Sherpa, which marks the start of the new year. The festival usually falls during the month of February or March, which is decided according to the lunar calendar. The fête is actually celebrated for 15 days, first 3 days being the chief period of festivity. Donning new clothes, adorning with jewelries, feasting and dancing are some of the features of the festival. Special noodles called “guthuk” are prepared during Lhosar. In Baudhanath premises of Kathmandu, a portrait of Dalai Lama is exhibited and paraded around the shrine while a multitude of pilgrims swarm there. Tamangs celebrate Lhosar as “Sonam” Lhosar and Gurungs as “Tamu” Lhosar, but at separate times and diverse manners.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Buddha Jayanti: </span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Buddha Jayanti which celebrates the birth of Lord Buddha falls on the day of the full moon of Baisakha (April or May). Some texts also claim that the Shakyamuni attained enlightenment and left his worldly soul on the same day. Major Buddhist shrines belonging to Tibetan Vajrayana sect are embellished with prayer flags. Thousands of pilgrims, both Buddhist and Hindu, from all over Nepal as well as India throng Lumbini during this day. Amazing fact is that some Hindus also revere Buddha as the 9th reincarnation of lord Vishnu, though Buddha himself was an agnostic.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">This anniversary is mainly celebrated by the Tibetan refugees dwelling around Baudhanath and different refugee camps of Nepal. Prayers are invoked for the long life and health of His Holiness. This day, apart from patriotic significance, is marked with religious importance as HH is considered to be the incarnation of Aalokitesvara, one of the bodhisattvas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Mani Rimdhu: </span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">This festival is observed by Sherpas in Khumbu (Everest region) of Nepal during the full moon of either December or November, which sometimes may be scheduled at a more specific time other than the mentioned months. The monks perform masked dances celebrating the victory of Buddhism over Bon-Po religion in the region. This festival is also marked with merriment by monks as well as laymen.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">This festival is somewhat similar to Mani Rimdhu but celebrated in the restricted area of upper Mustang by Lhoba peoples. Tiji usually falls during May and Lamas perform colorful masked dances depicting a tale of demon being vanquished by his own son who thus was able to save Mustang and its dwellers from the evil intentions of his father. Tourists and locals gather annually during the festival which is celebrated for three days.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Yartung: </span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Yartung means end of summer in Tibetan and is reveled in Ranipauwa, the gateway to Muktinath. Villagers from as far as Dolpo in the west gather to observe and participate in this 3 days carnival, usually feted during july, which also includes an exciting horse race competition. The first day is royal day which features the (now-ex) king of Mustang, second day is chiefly celebrated by the monks and third day is for the gala by the laymen (locals and tourists). </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The culture of Nepal is synonymous with its festivals. Myriads of festivals pertaining to different ethnic groups and religions are celebrated throughout the year. Nepal government, in the recent times, has declared national holidays for the chief festivals of major and minor tribal groups of the country, which once was the privilege of those who celebrated Dashain, Tihar and other petty ‘exclusively’ Hindu observations.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="http://blog.visitnepal.com/buddhist-festivals-in-nepal/" target="_blank">visitnepal.com</a></span></div>

Buddhist Festivals in Nepal

The culture of Nepal is synonymous with its festivals. Myriads of festivals pertaining to different ethnic groups and religions are cele...

Places with Cultural and Natural beauty in Nepal

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 nepal 5:35 PM

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiloHFCiigSUOtI-jrkk9jo9m6LJ8Dd2dP2vj5ScPd7JsvwV7_YVyIyyNEcXqsUhK_uJKbLu2OXgZD_XK1OpFegA7eaR-C8AJyrAACEeeaZutDuqeqZ1dDtzUaXWcp2SU5lB1JsFVk6LDkY/s1600/download-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiloHFCiigSUOtI-jrkk9jo9m6LJ8Dd2dP2vj5ScPd7JsvwV7_YVyIyyNEcXqsUhK_uJKbLu2OXgZD_XK1OpFegA7eaR-C8AJyrAACEeeaZutDuqeqZ1dDtzUaXWcp2SU5lB1JsFVk6LDkY/s1600/download-1.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Mixing natural beauty, cultural richness and a great history, Nepal is one of the appealing places of the world rich in cultural heritage. The broad mountain ranges run through its landscape hugging the cities and temples of the country. Fruitful soils pay the land with diverse ecosystem and incredible varieties of crops. The cultural beauty and ethnicities of Nepal are yet to be discovered. The grandeur of Himalayas, the fertile green lands and the untouched natural beauty, makes Nepal worth the visit. Here are the top 7 destinations to visit when in Nepal</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Pokhara</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Pokhara is one of the most beautiful locations in the Nepal. Pokhara is 2nd largest city in the country. This city has some truly sensational views of green hills and vast mountains. The city is also named as ‘The Jewel in the Himalayas’. It is the common visiting destination for tourists. When in the area, Phewa Lake, Barahi temple and the famous World Peace Pagoda can be visited with the stunning view of the surrounding hills.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Lo Manthang</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lo Manthang is the destination that offers a range of cultural experience. Lo Manthang is located in the Mustang district. Not many tourists visit this place, because of which the cultural heritage of Lo Manthang, specifically Upper Mustang, is untouched. You may explore some richest Buddhist culture in this region. Tiji festival is celebrated annually usually in the month of May and is a very important event. The festival lasts for about three days. Tiji Festival is worth attending on the visit to Nepal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Kathmandu Valley</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The capital city of Nepal is Kathmandu. The Kathmandu valley contains an extraordinary number of cultural heritage sites. The valley continues to be known as a UNESCO World Heritage Site In the valley are the temples of Pashupatinath and along the side of Bagmati river is the famous temple of Lord Shiva, one of the oldest temple in Kathmandu. To look outstanding views of the area, visit the city of Nagarkot.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Langtang</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Tucked over northern region of Kathmandu, Langtang is very near to the borders of Tibet and China, and is actually a well-known trekking destination. Here you will discover Tamang Heritage Path that passes throughout the ancient towns of Gatlang, Chilime also Briddim. Langtang offers some of the eldest and also most traditional Tamang towns, and you can see how the old tribes of Nepal used to live. Gosainkunda River is definitely an important religious location for Hindus, believed that the lake was created by the Lord Shiva. You can experience Langtang with 10 days Photography workshop trek.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Ilam</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Ilam is situated in the calm hills of Eastern Nepal. The region is famous for the generation of Nepal tea, beautiful landscapes and traditions. Antu Danda is a well-known location for the beautiful views contributing the areas. An important religious place is Gajur Mukhi, which is tunnel that has been carved comprising of images of Hindu Gods.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Chitwan National Park</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Chitwan National Park, to the south of Kathmandu, is an amazing national park. It is a well-managed, ensuring breeding problems of the animals in Nepal, also, in addition proper supervision of the forests and surrounding region. Specifically the tigers, elephants and fresh water dolphins make Chitwan a great visiting experience.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Tansen</span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">A lovely community of Tansen lies in the mid-West Nepalese hills which also involves quaint homes with traditional Newari architectures. Outstanding temples like the Bhairab Shrine, are always particular to this part of Nepal, making it an essential cultural visiting place.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Mixing natural beauty, cultural richness and a great history, Nepal is one of the appealing places of the world rich in cultural heritage. The broad mountain ranges run through its landscape hugging the cities and temples of the country. Fruitful soils pay the land with diverse ecosystem and incredible varieties of crops. The cultural beauty and ethnicities of Nepal are yet to be discovered. The grandeur of Himalayas, the fertile green lands and the untouched natural beauty, makes Nepal worth the visit. Here are the top 7 destinations to visit when in Nepal</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">The capital city of Nepal is Kathmandu. The Kathmandu valley contains an extraordinary number of cultural heritage sites. The valley continues to be known as a UNESCO World Heritage Site In the valley are the temples of Pashupatinath and along the side of Bagmati river is the famous temple of Lord Shiva, one of the oldest temple in Kathmandu. To look outstanding views of the area, visit the city of Nagarkot.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="http://gorgeousnepal.com/nepal-place-rich-culture-natural-beauty/" target="_blank">gorgeousnepal.com</a></span></div>

Places with Cultural and Natural beauty in Nepal

Mixing natural beauty, cultural richness and a great history, Nepal is one of the appealing places of the world rich in cultural heritage...

Nepal: Do's ＆ Dont's

Shrestha Jyo Rakesh 0 nepal 8:43 AM

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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Nepal heartily welcomes all of our valued visitors. Either you are trekking in the mountains or touring the Kathmandu valley we suggest you that you treat the land its people with care & respect. Below are some tips on how you can keep the environment clean and show appreciation for age-old culture and traditional religious beliefs. Nepal’s Culture might be astonishing and surprising for newcomers therefore these tips are sometimes necessary.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">To show gratitude and respect, use both of your hands rather than one when giving or receiving something, even money. It’s seen as a gesture of respect.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Remember not to point with a single finger but use a flat extended hand especially to indicate a sacred object or place.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Among Hindus, avoid touching women and holy men. In Nepal, people especially women, do not normally shakes hands when they greet one another, but instead press palms together in a prayer-like gesture known “Namaste” greeting is preferable.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t eat with your left hand. The left hand is for…where the sun never shines.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Never eat beef in front of Hindus & Buddhist because beef is strictly prohibited among both Hindus and Buddhists. Cows are sacred in Nepal.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Try not to step over or point your feet at another person, a sacred place or a hearth.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Remove your shoes when entering a home , temple or monastery ( and leather items in Hindu temples ) and avoid smoking and wearing scant dress in religious settings. Remember, some of the temples entrance may be prohibited for non-Hindus.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">It is better not to touch offerings or persons when they are on way to shrines, especially if you are non-Hindu.</span></div>
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Dos and Donts in Nepal</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t offer food to a Nepalese after tasting it, nor eat from a common pot, and avoid touching your lips to a shared drinking vessel.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">The sight of men holding hands is common, but men and women holding hands, and general acts of affection, are frowned upon. Do not do something that is totally alien to Nepalese culture.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Do walk around stupas clockwise, so that the outer walls are always on your right. If you encounter a stone wall covered with Tibetan inscriptions, do the same: Walk past with the wall on your right (and don’t take any of the stones).</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t lose your cool. Raising your voice or shouting is seen as extremely bad manners in Nepal too and will only make any problem worse.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Do get a receipt of authenticity when purchasing an antique replica, otherwise, you will not be allowed to take it out of the country. And don’t buy ivory or fur from endangered species, your purchases encourage the trade in such illegal goods, and you won’t be allowed to bring them back home anyway.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t give in to children who ask for just one rupee. Although a rupee is a small amount that anyone can spare, successful begging leads young children to drop out of school and take up panhandling as their trade. If you want to help, give to a trustworthy charity or a school.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t take photographs of locals, holy shrines & temples unless they have clearly given their consent.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">The sight of men holding hands is common, but men and women holding hands, and general acts of affection, are frowned upon. Do not do something that is totally alien to Nepalese culture.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Do walk around stupas clockwise, so that the outer walls are always on your right. If you encounter a stone wall covered with Tibetan inscriptions, do the same: Walk past with the wall on your right (and don’t take any of the stones).</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Don’t lose your cool. Raising your voice or shouting is seen as extremely bad manners in Nepal too and will only make any problem worse.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Do get a receipt of authenticity when purchasing an antique replica, otherwise, you will not be allowed to take it out of the country. And don’t buy ivory or fur from endangered species, your purchases encourage the trade in such illegal goods, and you won’t be allowed to bring them back home anyway. Don’t offer food to a Nepalese after tasting it, nor eat from a common pot, and avoid touching your lips to a shared drinking vessel.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7a7a7a; font-family: "ubuntu"; font-size: xx-small;">Source : <a href="https://mosaicadventure.com/nepal-dos-donts/" target="_blank">mosaicadventure.com</a></span></div>

Nepal: Do's ＆ Dont's

Nepal heartily welcomes all of our valued visitors. Either you are trekking in the mountains or touring the Kathmandu valley we suggest...